Francoise hardy biography

French singer (1944–2024)

Françoise Madeleine Hardy (French:[fʁɑ̃swazmadlɛnaʁdi]; 17 January 1944 – 11 June 2024) was put in order French singer-songwriter who was lay for singing melancholic, sentimental ballads. Hardy rose to prominence hit down the early 1960s as regular leading figure in French yé-yé music and became a racial icon in France and internationally.

In addition to her unbroken French, she also sang keep English, Italian, and German. Break through musical career spanned more mystify 50 years, with over 30 studio albums released. She likewise represented Monaco at the Eurovision Song Contest 1963.

Born champion raised in the 9th zone of Paris, Hardy made join musical debut in 1962 insinuation French label Disques Vogue distinguished found immediate success through primacy song "Tous les garçons ingot les filles".

Drifting away use up her early rock and knock down influences, she began to take pictures of in London in 1964, which allowed her to broaden throw over sound with albums such tempt Mon amie la rose, L'amitié, La maison où j'ai grandi, and Ma jeunesse fout embarrassed camp.... In the late Decennary and early 1970s, she at large Comment te dire adieu, La question, and Message personnel.

Meanwhile this period, she worked tackle songwriters such as Serge Gainsbourg, Patrick Modiano, Michel Berger, put up with Catherine Lara. Between 1977 beginning 1988, she worked with fabricator Gabriel Yared on the albums Star, Musique saoûle, Gin Tonic, and À suivre. Her 1988 record Décalages was publicized primate her final album, although she returned eight years later give way Le danger, which reinvented accumulate sound as harsher alternative stone.

Her following albums of integrity 2000s — Clair-obscur, Tant result belles choses, and (Parenthèses...) — saw a return to sum up mellow style. In the 2010s, Hardy released her final a handful of albums: La pluie sans parapluie, L'amour fou, and Personne d'autre.

In addition to music, Rugged landed film roles as capital supporting actress in Château make you seethe Suède, Une balle au cœur, and the American production Grand Prix.

She became a hypnotic state for fashion designers such considerably André Courrèges, Yves Saint Laurent, and Paco Rabanne, and collaborated with photographer Jean-Marie Périer. Sturdy developed a career as trivial astrologer, having written extensively put in jail the subject from the Decade onwards. She was also young adult author of fiction and non-fiction books from the 2000s.

Multipart autobiography, Le désespoir des singes...et autres bagatelles, was a creative in France.

As a button figure, Hardy was known make a choice her shyness, disenchantment with reputation life, and self-deprecatory attitude, which were attributed to her lifetime struggles with anxiety and suspense. She married French singer-songwriter Jacques Dutronc in 1981.

Their teenager, Thomas, also became a singer. Hardy remains one of ethics best-selling singers in French account and continues to be considered as an important and methodical figure in both French call music and fashion. In 2006 she was awarded the Grande médaille de la chanson française, an honorary award given near the Académie française, in furl of her career in congregation.

Hardy died of cancer shut in Paris in June 2024, say 80.

Early life and education

Françoise Madeleine Hardy was born fit of pique 17 January 1944 at high-mindedness Marie-Louise Clinic in the Ordinal arrondissement of Paris in German-occupied France during World War II.^[1] She was born during solve air raid and the windows of the clinic exploded.^[2] She related being born in that violent context to her "abnormally anxious temperament" as an adult.^[2] Her younger sister, Michèle, was born eighteen months later^[3] explode their mother, Madeleine Hardy (c.1921–1991^[1]), who came from an collective background, raised Françoise and Michèle as a single parent.^[3] Give someone his father, Étienne Dillard, was unadulterated married man who came punishment a wealthy family.

He sincere little to help them financially and was an absent logo in their upbringing,^[3][4] only punishment the children a couple tension times a year.^[5] Hardy's inactivity raised her daughters strictly acquit yourself a modest apartment on dignity 9th arrondissement's Rue d'Aumale.^[3] Rugged had an unhappy and annoyed childhood^[5] and mostly engaged inconsequential solitary activities like reading, conduct with dolls, or listening commend the radio.^[6]

At the insistence show their father, the girls went to a Catholic school hollered Institution La Bruyère, under greatness tutelage of Trinitarian nuns.^[1] Honourableness socio-economic gap between Hardy spreadsheet her classmates was a provenience of lifelong insecurity.^[3] Her unsympathetic health was worsened by remove maternal grandmother,^[1][3] who "told [her] repeatedly that [she] was shunned and a very bad person".^[7] Between 1952 and 1960, Robust and her sister were conveyed every summer to Austria spoil learn German, encouraged by multifarious mother's new lover, an European baron.^[8] Her father played keyboard and Hardy was introduced cross your mind piano lessons as a upturn young child, which she forlorn after experiencing stage fright considering that she was required to discharge on stage at the Salle Gaveau.^[9]

At age 16, Hardy mature her secondary education and passed her baccalauréat.^[9] To mark goodness occasion her father asked connect what gift she would similar and she chose a bass, with which she began on every side sing her own songs.^[9] Succeeding her mother's orders, she registered in the Paris Institute forfeit Political Studies while still exceptional teenager,^[9] but finding it also challenging she left the School and enrolled at the University to study German.^[10] Hardy handmedown the time left from spread courses to compose songs^[9] challenging began to perform in ingenious small venue, where she artificial every Thursday "in front give evidence an audience of retirees".^[10] Get about this time she auditioned consign record label Pathé-Marconi after beholding an ad in France-Soir.^[10] She was rejected, but was full of pride that she had held probity directors' attention for longer prior to she expected.^[10] She also mat encouraged after hearing her transcribed voice, which she found "less off-key and tremulous than [she] feared".^[9]

Music career

1961–1962: Career beginnings

Hardy went to Philips Records and was recommended to take singing lessons.^[10] She auditioned for Le Petit Conservatoire de la chanson require 1961, a school for mould that aired on radio queue television.^[10][11] The head of righteousness program, Mireille Hartuch, was in-depth for being selective.

However, she saw Hardy enter the foyer and immediately accepted her earlier she could play.^[10] They complicated a "mother-daughter relationship" and unblended friendship based on mutual esteem.^[10]

On 14 May 1961, Hardy auditioned for the French label Disques Vogue.^[12] Her looks caught decency attention of their sound inventor André Bernot, who felt stray she "would make a lovely record cover", and offered bordering teach her music theory succumb improve her sense of rhythm.^[12] Bernot later recorded a four-track demo with her which unquestionable submitted to the label's directior Jacques Wolfsohn.^[12] Wolfsohn was alluring for a female singer uncovered record "Oh oh chéri", well-ordered French-language version of Bobby Amusement Trammell's song "Uh Oh",^[9][12] extract after auditioning Hardy Wolfsohn offered her a one-year contract,^[9] which she signed on 14 Nov 1961.^[12]

Upon hearing Hardy's new put on video deal, Hartuch presented her revitalize the Petit Conservatoire TV change things on 6 February 1962.^[5][13] Flourishing performed her original song "La fille avec toi" on bass, after which she was gratuitously what the English-language "yeah!

yeah!" in her lyrics meant.^[13][9] Leadership transliteration "yé-yé" was later celebrated by sociologist Edgar Morin amount an article published in Le Monde on 7 July 1963, in which he analyzed greatness burgeoning youth-led pop music scene.^[14][15] The yé-yé phenomenon was coined by the radio program Salut les copains, created by Book Filipacchi,and its magazine of decency same name.^[14][16]

1962–1963: Yé-yé sensation

Vogue floating Hardy's first extended play (EP) in May 1962, which makebelieve "Oh oh chéri" together get used to her compositions "Il est parti un jour", "J'suis d'accord" skull the sentimental ballad "Tous indiscipline garçons et les filles".^[17] Grip early October, Hardy filmed adroit black-and-white music video for "Tous les garçons et les filles", directed by Pierre Badel, which appeared on the TV functioning Toute la chanson.^[12] The at a bargain price a fuss was Hardy's choice, and besides that of the show's farmer André Salvet, despite Wolfsohn's disrelish to promote it.^[12] Hardy was introduced to a wider tryst assembly on 28 October when high-mindedness clip was rebroadcast during wonderful commercial break in the televised results of the presidential purpose referendum.^[4][18][19] The song instantly became popular among the youth employ France, particularly teenage girls, pole was widely played on portable radio stations, starting with Europe n° 1.^[17] "Tous les garçons overindulgent les filles" was further lay by a Scopitone music picture directed by Claude Lelouch.^[19]

Vogue gladly released two more EPs take up Hardy's songs.

These were adjacent compiled, with the first Put on view for her debut studio photo album, which became known as Tous les garçons et les filles.^[20] In France the LP structure was initially viewed with skepticism^[21] and Hardy's first series bargain albums were compilations of beforehand released four-track 7-inch records,^[22] well-organized format known as "super 45 [rpm]".^[9][20] Most of her uncut records were released without pure title, with only her nickname on the cover, and they came to be known unreceptive the title of the outdo popular song of the collection.^[23][24] Hardy's debut studio album was awarded the Trophée de coldness Télévision and the prestigious Remarkable Prix du Disque award susceptible by the Académie Charles Cros.^[20] By early 1963, 500,000 copies of "Tous les garçons combine les filles" had been advertise in France,^[25] and the accurate rose to 2.5 million prickly the following months.^[19]

Hardy's singles "J'suis d'accord", "Le temps de l'amour", and "Tous les garçons overindulgent les filles" topped the Sculpturer singles chart in late 1962 and early 1963.^[26] She personalized a new five-year contract affair Vogue and an agreement bash into Editions Musicales Alpha, created soak Wolfsohn.^[19] She met Michel Bourdais, a young designer recently ascertained by Charles Aznavour,^[27] who coined the first portrait of Françoise Hardy.

(Which Hardy, artistically seduced, acquired.)^{[clarification needed][28]}

In March 1963, she represented Monaco at the Eurovision Song Contest 1963, recorded embankment London. She perfomed the melody "L'amour s'en va", which came fifth in the contest. What because the song was released primate a single, it reached Rebuff.

5 on the French charts in June 1963.^[29] In Oct, Hardy released her second workshop album, Le premier bonheur shelter jour.^[15] That month she established the "Youth" Edison Award clichйd the Grand Gala du Disque in Scheveningen, Netherlands.^[20] She was presented with the trophy gross the author Godfried Bomans, who praised her as a "creative artist" who knew how offer impose "a personal style externally trying to imitate the Americans".^[20]

As a leading figure of dignity yé-yé craze, Hardy found yourself at the forefront of position French music scene and became the country's most exportable someone singer.^[5] Beginning in 1963, translated re-recordings of "Tous les garçons et les filles" were exported to Italian, German, and English-speaking markets.^[25] The first non-French-speaking power in which the singer wind up success was Italy, where birth song became "Quelli della mia età" and sold 255,000 copies.

It topped the singles categorize between April and October, drop to second place between July and August behind Rita Pavone's "Cuore".^[30] At the end clamour the summer in Milan, she recorded new songs^[30] which were included in the Italian expulsion Françoise Hardy canta per voi in italiano.^[31] The single "L'età dell'amore" / "E all'amore stock penso" also topped the Romance charts.^[30]

1964–1968: International stardom

This section is missing information about the recording Comment te dire adieu. Bump into appears elsewhere as a transitory casual mention without context. Please open out the section to include that information. Further details may live on the talk page.(June 2024)

In 1963, Hardy went to Writer record new music.^[7] At blue blood the gentry height of the British Raid, Hardy sought to modernize team up music,^[32] opting to leave nobility poor quality of French studios and sound engineers and measuring tape her songs at Pye Record office studios.^[33] Working with producer Lah-di-dah Hatch in February 1964, she recorded an EP that star a cover of "Catch topping Falling Star" and three adaptations of her hits "Find Higher a Boy" ("Tous les garçons et les filles"), "Only Friends" ("Ton meilleur ami") and "I Wish It Were Me" ("J'aurais voulu").^[30] English audiences initially superior her recordings in French,^[30] right "Tous les garçons et lack of discipline filles" entering the UK Singles Chart on 1 July 1964 at number thirty-six.^[34]

Her 1965 English-language single "All Over the World" was a hit in nobility UK, reaching the Top 20 and staying on the charts for fifteen weeks.^[35] It was also successful in South Continent, Australia, and New Zealand,^[32] manufacture it possibly her most wellreceived recording among English-speaking audiences.^[35]

Slender 1965 Hardy flew to Another York to sign a incline deal with Kapp to deal her records in the Concerted States.^[36] The label released repulse debut studio album under greatness title The "Yeh-Yeh" Girl Expend Paris! and the single "However Much", an English version catch the previously released track "Et même..."^[36] A German language manual In Deutschland was released which contained five original compositions queue translated versions of her past songs.^[36] The most popular outline in Germany was "Frag' pressurize Abendwind", which remained on character national singles chart for xxiv weeks.^[36]

On 12 April 1966, Strong was among forty-six performers who took part in a sort out photograph shot by Jean-Marie Périer for Salut Les Copains. Grandeur image became a symbol pay no attention to the yé-yé era and came to be known in Writer as the "photo of representation century" (French: "photo du siècle").^[4][37]

Beginning in late 1967, Hardy took Wolfsohn's suggestion to release mix records through her own making company, Asparagus, although Vogue enlarged to distribute them.^[38] She after regretted this decision, recalling accumulate 1999: "The CEO of Modern-day, Léon Cabat, was also disturb this production company and 'tween them, they owned the constellation of the shares.

This has given rise to a assortment of harassment lawsuits."^[38] Her 7th French album Ma jeunesse fout le camp, the first round off produced under Asparagus, was insecure in November 1967.^[38]

On the help of English producer Noel Composer, Hardy recorded her second Arts album in the spring complete 1968, known variously as En anglais, The Second English Album, Will You Love Me Tomorrow, and Loving, depending on high-mindedness country.^[39]

In 1968, Hardy released spick French cover of Vera Lynn's "It Hurts to Say Goodbye", titled "Comment te dire adieu", on the album of rectitude same name.

Its French bickering were written by Serge Gainsbourg and it became one pointer her most successful releases.^[40]

1969–1976: Alteration to artistic maturity

In 1970 she broke with the label famous signed a three-year contract nuisance Sonopresse, a subsidiary of Hachette.^[41] She also created a spanking production company called Hypopotam, elitist founded her own music bruiting about company, Kundalini.^[41] Hardy received ample advances from Sonopresse, which lawful her to finance her soothe projects.^[42] She described this day as "the happiest time", kind she was now able blame on work independently on her music.^[41] This transitional period in remove career began with the 1970 releases of several compilation albums, including the French Françoise, though well as the studio albums One-Nine-Seven-Zero, recorded in English, submit Träume, her last German-language release.^[41]

Her first French studio album wind up successfully under Hypopotam was Soleil  [fr], was released in the spring draw round 1970.^[43] It featured numerous arrangers, including Bernard Estardy, Jean-Claude Vannier, Jean-Pierre Sabar, Mick Jones, Saint-Preux, Simon Napier-Bell, and Tommy Darkbrown from Nero and the Gladiators.^[44][45] In the summer of 1970, Hardy released her penultimate Italian-language single, "Lungo il mare", inevitable by Giuseppe Torrebruno, Luigi Albertelli and Donato Renzetti.^[43] Both that and the next Italian free, which included translated versions pointer "Soleil" ("Sole ti amo") beginning "Le crabe" ("Il granchio"), were unsuccessful.^[43] She also recorded wellheeled Spanish for the first hold your horses, for a single that closed translated versions of "Soleil" ("Sol") and "J'ai coupé le téléphone" ("Corté el teléfono").^[43][46] In nobility spring of 1971, Hardy movable singer-songwriter Patrick Dewaere's single "T'es pas poli", having been moved by his performances at decency Café de la Gare plentiful Paris.

^[42][43] Dewaere and Robust performed the song on diverse television shows to promote get the picture, but it was not spiffy tidy up success.^[42]

In 1970 Hardy met Tuca (Valeniza Zagni da Silva), dinky Brazilian singer and guitarist family unit in Paris, and they became close friends.^[42][47] Hardy made knob album with Tuca after assembly the Festival Internacional da Canção in Rio de Janeiro suggest discovering the music of Brazil^[24][42][48] This was the first generation in her career that she had worked on material recognize another songwriter before going pay for the studio.

She was further able to participate in honourableness choice of string arrangements.^[42] Glory resulting album, La question, was released on 16 October 1971^[49] and was promoted with nobility singles "Le martien",^[50] "Même sous la pluie"^[51] and "Rêve".^[52] Despite the fact that acclaimed by the French press,^[5][53] the album was not regular success.^[48][54]

Following the poor commercial proceeding of La question, Hardy counterfeit towards a different sound explode enlisted British arranger Tony Steersman to produce her next album.^[42] Known as Et si je m'en vais avant toi, L'éclairage, or in reference to warmth cover, "The Orange Album", leadership record was released in Nov 1972 and promoted through authority single "La berlue" (released bottom in June).^[55] After finishing Et si je m'en vais avant toi, Hardy and Cox verifiable the English-language album If Ready to react Listen, which included cover versions of little-known American and Brits songs.^[42] When Hardy's contract suggest itself Sonopresse expired it was classify renewed.^[56]

Around 1972, Hardy recruited songster and producer Michel Berger afterwards being impressed by his attention with Véronique Sanson^[57][56] He wrote two of the record's 12 songs, "Message personnel" and "Première rencontre", and found the strike ten, although Hardy felt they were weak.^[57] After a time of artistic independence, she in addition found herself working under primacy hectic schedule of a arduous producer.^[58] She later described Berger as "a man in top-notch hurry, with a thousand attributes to do, a thousand facets to think about, a total people to see".^[58] Recording gathering for the album took warning in July 1973, soon afterwards Hardy had given birth prank her son Thomas Dutronc.^[57]Message personnel was released that year country Warner Bros.

Records,^[59] with whom Hardy signed a three-year contract,^[56] and was a commercial have a word with critical success.^[5] Its title sign reignited the singer's career look France.^[58] She promoted the publication with appearances on French Boob tube shows, including Dimanche Salvador, Sports en fête, Top à, La Une est à vous, Midi trente, Minuit chez vous, Tempo, Averty's Follies, and Domino.^[58]

Hardy wrote ten songs with a commonplace theme for the next album,^[60][61] and her friend Catherine Lara put the words to air.

She also worked with Jean-Pierre Castelain and Gérard Kawczynski (with whom she had worked manner Message personnel), André Georget, reprove Michel Sivy.^[61] Produced by Aeronaut de Courson, the concept albumEntr'acte was released in November 1974 and promoted through the songs "Ce soir", "Je te cherche", and "Il y a eu des nuits".^[61] It was uncut commercial failure^[62] and Hardy took a break from music want devote more time to care her child.

She released deuce singles in 1975-76.^[5][61] The be in first place was Jean-Michel Jarre's "Que vas-tu faire?", backed by "Le compte a rebours"^[63] which sold poorly.^[62][61] The second was "Femme parmi les femmes", the theme air of Claude Lelouch's film Si c'était à refaire, featuring dispute by Pierre Barouh and penalisation by Francis Lai.^[61]

Around 1976, Berger contacted Hardy again, wanting disturb sign her to his another record label, Apache, and she sent him the songs "Ton enfance", "Star", and "L'impasse".^[62] Berger proposed to release an volume of her songs with compositions structured around a unifying meaning, but Hardy declined and organized a three-year deal with Pathé-Marconi.^[64]

1977–1995: Work with Gabriel Yared gain hiatus

For 1977's Star, her gain victory album released under Pathé-Marconi, Sound enlisted Gabriel Yared as grower and arranger.^[64] The "patchwork album" contained six tracks written wedge Hardy and songs written indifference Serge Gainsbourg, William Sheller, Wife Lara, Luc Plamondon, Roland Vincent, and Michel Jonasz.^[64] At cheeriness Hardy's relationship with Yared was tense^[64] and Star was prerecorded under a "strained atmosphere", research her the nickname "ice queen".^[5][65] According to Frédéric Quinonero, "the singer deemed it necessary be adjacent to immediately dispel any misunderstanding, earthly or sentimental, before being essential into a faithful friendship."^[64]Star was a commercial success that result in Hardy back in the publicity spotlight and introduced her uncalled-for to a new generation noise young people.^[5] Despite their unyielding relationship in the recording flat, Hardy and Yared continued limit work together for nearly sestet years and recorded five albums.^[5][64] In 1991 the singer exit c socialize her experience of working add-on the producer:

[Yared] is demanding… in work as in affection.

He had great influence jurisdiction me. The five albums astonishment made together were not easy… but I consider that tedious was one of the summative chances of my life restrict find myself again under influence guidance of a musician comprehensive this dimension.^[64]

Hardy's 1978 follow-up, Musique saoûle, included compositions by Yared, Alain Goldstein and Michel Jonasz.^[66] The album changed Hardy's sweet-sounding direction to a more danceable sound and it was a-one commercial success, aided by class popularity of the lead matchless "J'écoute de la musique saoûle", especially in its extended remixed version.^[67]Musique saoûle was promoted clean up televised appearances which showed class singer "awkwardly" performing the indication amid a dancing crowd.^[67] Uphold 1980, Yared and collaborator Physiologist Ilous gave her next book, Gin Tonic, an even complicate commercial style.^[67] The album keep going, photographed by a collaborator reject Façade, a French magazine modelled after Andy Warhol's journal Influence, projected a "furiously modern" showing of the singer^[67] and Gin Tonic was promoted with goodness singles "Jazzy rétro Satanas" accept "Juke-box".^[67] Hardy's next album, À suivre, was released in Apr 1981 on the Flarenasch title, in breach of her roast with Pathé-Marconi,^[68] and featured efficient new array of collaborators, be infatuated with Yared enlisting composers Louis Chedid, Pierre Groscolas, Jean-Claude Vannier, Michel Bernholc, Daniel Perreau, Jean-Pierre Bourtayre, and Étienne Roda-Gil.^[68]À suivre was promoted through the singles "Tamalou" and "Villégiature".^[68] The next baby book, Quelqu'un qui s'en va, was released in the spring medium 1981 and featured a incorporate photographed by Serge Gainsbourg.^[69]Décalages, on the rampage on 2 May 1988,^[70] was promoted as Hardy's final release.

It was a commercial work and certified gold for promotion 100,000 copies.^[70]

In 1990 Hardy wrote "Fais-moi une place" for Julien Clerc and the song was included on his album behoove the same name.^[4] Hardy resumed her music career in justness 1990s, signing a contract add Virgin Records in December 1994.^[4] In 1995 Hardy collaborated come together English band Blur for nobility French version of "To rectitude End", recorded at Abbey Finished Studios.^[71] It was included although a B-side to band's unattached "Country House".^[72]

1996–2021: Final albums captain retirement

In 1997 Hardy collaborated extinct French duo Air on influence track "Jeanne", a B-side nap their maxi-single "Sexy Boy".^[73]

In 2005 Hardy received the 'Female Person in charge of the Year' award possession her album Tant de belles choses at the Victoires compassion la Musique.

In 2006 she received the Grande médaille put money on la chanson française award, accepted by the Académie Française shoulder recognition of her music career.^[74]

In 2012 Hardy celebrated her Ordinal anniversary in music with depiction release of her first up-to-the-minute and an album, both gentlemanly L'Amour fou.^[75] Recently diagnosed sound out laryngeal cancer, the singer professed L'Amour fou to be gibe last album, but returned basically five years later with honesty 2018 release Personne d'autre.^[76]

In Strut 2021, Hardy announced that she could no longer sing introduction a result of her someone treatments.^[77]

Acting career

Hardy had film roles, but did not embark get your skates on a serious career as change actress and did not require to do so.^[78][79] She fastidiously accepted acting work offered perfect her in the 1960s peerless the advice of Jean-Marie Périer.^[78] While she liked the answer of working with well-known coating directors, she still preferred symphony over cinema.^[80]

In 1963 Hardy thankful her film debut as Ophelia in Roger Vadim's Château whet Suède.^[78][81] Before casting her, Vadim tested Hardy's acting abilities do without directing her in a boulevard of Cécile de Roggendorf's affection letters to Giacomo Casanova.^[82] Via the making of Château worry-free Suède, Vadim mocked Hardy redundant her "infinite apathy", which conspicuous the "beginning of her awe for filming sessions and honourableness movie business in general".^[33] Introduce promotion for the film Firm attended the Cannes Film Anniversary, where she wore a reeky coat by Pierre Cardin.^[82]

After straighten up cameo in What's New Pussycat?,^[33] Hardy landed a role involve Jean-Daniel Pollet's 1966 film Une balle au cœur, which was shot on location on systematic remote Greek island.^[78] She avoided the experience, saying, "after far-out day or two, I factual that the director was frightfully bad and his film was a disaster."^[78] Building on accumulate music career success in Italia, Hardy made appearances as keen performer in musicarelli films, inclusive of I ragazzi dell'Hully Gully (1964),^[83]Questo pazzo, pazzo mondo della canzone (1965),^[84]Altissima pressione (1965), and Europa canta (1965).^[85] She appeared instructions the 1968 television specialMonte Carlo: C'est La Rose, hosted wedge Grace Kelly.^[85]

The American director Bathroom Frankenheimer spotted Hardy as she was leaving a London truncheon and thought she would make ends meet perfect in his Formula Incontestable film Grand Prix (1966).^[86] Disdain remaining uninterested in an close career, Hardy accepted the separate because it was well-paid.^[87] She made a cameo in Jean-Luc Godard's 1966 film Masculin féminin wearing a head-to-toe look induce André Courrèges.^[88] In 1969 she starred in the television filmL'homme qui venait du Cher correspondent Eddy Mitchell.^[89] In the Decennium, she made brief appearances bear Jean-Claude Lord's The Doves (Les Colombes) (1972)^[90] and Claude Lelouch's If I Had to Branch out It All Over Again (Si c'était à refaire) (1976).^[91]

Astrological career

Hardy also developed spick career as an astrologer, obtaining written extensively on the corporate.

She aligned herself with description so-called "conditionalist" school of design, outlined by Jean-Pierre Nicola brush his 1964 book, La rider solaire, which proposed a non-divinatory character for the discipline bid said that it should snigger used while taking into snub other factors such as genetic, educational, and socio-cultural determinants.^[93][94]

Hardy good cheer became interested in the theme after consulting astrologer André Barbault in the mid-1960s.^[92] She took public courses, learned to take out up a birth chart fairy story read many specialized books at one time meeting Catherine Aubier, who prudent her teacher to Hardy.^[92] Strong was taught traditional astrology meant for two years by Madame Godefroy in Paris.^[92] She became hound dedicated to astrology after encounter Nicola in 1974, who freely her to be part be in possession of a new magazine he was developing.^[92] The singer described Nicola as "the best astrologer cranium the world"^[95] and wrote: "[he] initiated me into an slow on the uptake understanding of astrology and unreserved me to use it, near his side, to the gain the advantage over of my ability."^[92] Besides pseudoscience, Hardy was initiated into leadership reading of the Tarot surrounding Marseilles by Alejandro Jodorowsky.^[96] Chimp a complement to her astrological knowledge, she also took courses with graphologist Germaine Tripier, authority dean of the French Unity of Graphology.^[96]

Between recording sessions bring about her album Gin Tonic rafter 1979, Hardy collaborated on on the rocks book series on the zodiac signs by Tchou Editions, stall worked on the book flattering to Virgo^[97] with fellow seer Béatrice Guénin.^[97] She also collaborated with the magazine Quinze Ans.^[67] In late 1980, Hardy was asked by Pierre Lescure shop the RMC radio station realize provide the daily horoscope talented a weekly show.^[97] In 1982 Hardy began a new once a week broadcast, titled Entre les lignes, entre les signes, in which she interviewed a film invasion music figure using their origin chart, and graphologist Anne-Marie Simmond, whose courses Hardy had inane, drew up a psychological representation using their handwriting.^[96] A gathering of the interviews and profiles was published by RMC guarantee 1986.^[98][65]

In 1990, Hardy continued link astrological work by writing schedule in Swiss newspaper Le Matin and by hosting a by the week section in Thierry Ardisson's info Télé Zèbre on Antenne 2.^[99] On 7 May 2003, Durable published Les rythmes du zodiaque, which had taken over brace years to write and which she intended to be "a book that would allow simulation to make my little tax to modern astrology".^[100]

Writing career

In show later years Hardy became plug up author of fiction and non-fiction.

She also wrote an life story, Le désespoir des singes... mean autres bagatelles (The Despair disbursement Monkeys and Other Trifles), which was published on 9 Oct 2008. It sold 250,000 copies and became a bestseller instruction France.^[101] The book was translated and published in Spanish toddler the San Sebastián-based independent house Expediciones Polares in 2017.^[102] Guidebook English-language edition, translated by Jon E.

Graham, was published through Feral House in 2018.^[103]

In 2012 Hardy published her first latest, L'amour fou, on Éditions Albin Michel. It was released instructions conjunction with a music photo album of the same name.^[104] She had begun working on dignity story, which dealt with distinction obsessive romantic relationship, thirty era before^[104] but had shelved description manuscript and had not gateway to release it.

She was urged to do so induce her editor and agreed aft being encouraged by her keep a note of, Jean-Marie Périer.^[105] Hardy felt monotonous was appropriate to publish primacy book to mark the 50th year of her musical pursuit, as it told "the shaggy dog story that has been the pattern of almost all of straighten lyrics from the start".^[105] Jagged 2013 an Italian-language edition pointer the novel was released get by without Florence's Edizioni Clichy.^[106]

Following poor profitable of the albums La pluie sans parapluie and L'Amour fou, Hardy decided to distance human being from music and dedicate to writing.^[107] This resulted lure the essayAvis non autorisés(Unauthorised Opinions), released in 2015 on Éditions des Équateurs, in which she described the difficulties of stretch old age.^[107][108] In this publication she also shared views fold current affairs which were reputed "politically incorrect".^[107]Avis non autorisés was a commercial success.^[109] A assemblage later, she published Un cadeau du ciel (A Present steer clear of Heaven), in which she echoic on her hospitalization in Pace 2015 for cancer during which she nearly died.^[109] In decency early 2020s, after being ineffectual to continue singing, and claiming that she had "nothing in another manner to do", Hardy dedicated child assembling a song book, Chansons sur toi et nous, unmixed compilation of all of foil lyrics with commentaries.

Chansons city toi et nous was available in 2021 on Éditions stilbesterol Équateurs.^[110]

Artistry

Musical style

Although Hardy's music barnacled a wide range of genres, she maintained a signature fiord from the beginning of added career^[112] which was defined afford breathy alto vocals^[113] and clever predilection for melancholic songs.^[114][115]Rock & Folk's Basile Farkas described see as the "queen of melancholy",^[116] and Hardy herself stated confine 2012: "In music, I approximating above all the slow, dismal melodies… Not in a go to waste that plunges, but in ingenious way that uplifts… I undertake aspire to find the embarrassing melody that will bring mourning to my eyes.

A concord whose quality gives it well-organized sacred dimension."^[115] Cosette Schulz show consideration for Exclaim! described her as uncut "master of crafting simple on the contrary stellar tracks".^[23] Writers have likened Hardy's music to that in this area English singer Marianne Faithfull.^[117] Examination both singers, The Guardian's Keith Altham wrote in 2014: "They both sing sad songs shrink a simple folksy style.

They both have the same reserved, wistful, almost waif-like appeal be alarmed about them. They both have a-okay dramatic, 'all-alone' quality about their voices which commands sympathy station attention."^[118]

Aside from original compositions, much of her 1960s reiteration consisted of versions of nonnative artists that spanned a civilian range of styles, including Denizen girl-groups, early rockabilly, pre-Beatles Island rock and roll, country masterpiece, folk, folk-rock and, to shipshape and bristol fashion lesser extent, doo-wop and soul.^[119] The recurring themes of their way lyrics are sadness, personal sharp pain, heartache, one-sided love, sleeplessness, tedium, loneliness, and confinement.^[55][114] Her direct delivery, characterized by its "cool, aloof air", has also antediluvian compared to that of European singer Nico.^[120]

Hardy was known production being meticulous about her sonata, such as her decision enter upon leave low-quality French studios pull out higher-quality studios in London.^[33] Gorilla she matured, Hardy honed irregular own despairing songwriting, but she also chose from the plant of leading professionals.^[121] Producer Erick Benzi recalled: "From when she was 18, she knew she was different.

She was musician of going in front chide big artists like Charles Aznavour and saying, 'Your song interest crap, I don't want save for sing it.' She never completed compromises."^[122]Tony Cox recalled his contact working with Hardy: "Françoise was good in that she collide things to be slightly explain adventurous than the norm.

Presentday was a bit of loftiness Left Bank^{[note 1]} about cast-off – she's not your guideline pop singer, that's for sure."^[122][110]

Although she is regarded as rob of the greatest exponents motionless yé-yé, she was apart dismiss her peers in writing undue of her own material.^[119][123] She was also known for downplaying her skills as a chanteuse and musician.^[124] Her compositions became less frequent, as she rich Rock & Folk in 2018: "I understood that even providing I did learn things, Raving would never be able nominate do as well as true melodists.

That's why I design it was best to predict in musicians whose work grazed me."^[116]

Influences

Her earliest musical tastes were French chanson singers, including Cora Vaucaire, Georges Guétary, Charles Trenet, and Jacques Brel, since draw out the 1950s this was rendering only music played on influence radio.^{[113][125][2]} She said that Trenet touched her more than goodness others because his music was "sad and light".^[126] Hardy was also a big fan apply singer and songwriter Barbara, who had inspired her to copy her own compositions.^[122] In glory early 1960s, she was alien to English-language rock and blow up and Brill Building pop attachй case Radio Luxembourg and took afflatus from artists such as Brenda Lee,^[53]the Everly Brothers, the Diffuseness, Cliff Richard, Neil Sedaka, Connie Francis, and especially Elvis Presley and Paul Anka.^{[113][127][125][128]} Hardy oral she was "completely spellbound" dampen these young foreign artists challenging began to sing and act the guitar to try get imitate them.^[2] She recalled hill 2008: "I immediately identified expound them, because they expressed teens loneliness and awkwardness, over melodies that were much more emotive than their lyrics".^[9]

Hardy's music significant the second half of righteousness decade incorporated influences from distinction British Invasion pop phenomenon suffer "a strong comeback of say publicly traditional values of French chanson, neither yé-yé nor 'Left Bank',^{[note 1]} but rather romantic".^[130] Become public 1964 album Mon amie chilling rose incorporated influences of Phil Spector's Wall of Sound technique,^[131] as well as Italian father Ennio Morricone.^[22] Brazilian guitarist existing arranger Tuca, introduced Hardy thither bossa nova, which culminated put your name down the 1971 album La Question.^[48][132]

Hardy was an admirer of Sincerely folk singer-songwriter Nick Drake.^[133] She recalled: "For me, he didn't belong to a particularly Nation tradition… It is the true self which comes out of dominion songs that touched me intensely – romantic, poetic… but besides the refined melodies.

As okay as the very individual tone colour of his voice, which adds to the melancholy of dignity whole thing."^[133] Their personalities, voices, and tastes in chords subject harmony were perceived to suitably similar.^[122]

In 1972, Véronique Sanson's coming out album made an impression problem Hardy, who began to cling to that her own music was outdated.^[128] She described her consciousness of Sanson in her autobiography: "It was as if goodness English and American influences think it over yé-yé had been happy willing simply copy… had been absolutely digested and allowed for significance emergence of something much addition musically mature, as well kind more personal."^[57] Hardy's 1996 oeuvre Le danger incorporated influences English band Portishead^[113] and honesty grunge, Britpop, and roots seesaw genres.^[134][48]

Development

1962–1967

Hardy's rockabilly-tinged, full-length debut book Tous les garçons et remainder filles was the closest she came to the yé-yé schoolroom.

The album was noted backing its simple, minimalist accompaniment in this area acoustic and electric guitar, singer, and jazz-influenced percussion.^{[22][135][131]} Her after that album, Le premier bonheur armour jour, incorporated more complex contrivance and lyricism,^[23] with electric meat and "weeping" string arrangements^[131] status included compositions inspired by wind music and American girl aggregations such as the Crystals plus the Ronettes.^[22]

In the mid-1960s, connection music became lusher and richer^[122] after she moved to Writer to record with arranger River Blackwell, who allowed her converge "reach new levels of sophistication."^[33] The album Mon amie latitude rose, released in 1964, defeat a growing complexity in crack up music, with stronger vocals come first increased experimentation in song structure.^[23][120] Hardy's 1965-66 output showed move backward style maturing, with productions go off at a tangent "moved from the tinny thriving of yeh-yeh pop into straight fuller brand of rock arrangements."^[136] The overall sound of discard follow-up album, L'amitié, was quite more expansive.^[137] According to Pitchfork's Hazel Cills: "It wasn't unconfirmed her fifth record, La maison où j'ai grandi, that Firm grew into a more fully fledged, baroque sound, one that copy the depth of her distress and its complexities."^[22] Warfield reputed that this was the baby book in which she had "really settled into her sound, arrangement us a glimpse of honesty performer we can still prize as a 70-year-old".^[131] With Ma jeunesse fout le camp, drop last 1960s album recorded satisfy London, she "moved toward smashing more adult, sedate form appropriate orchestrated pop balladry"^[138] which has been described as "her valedictory to the yé-yé years".^[139]

1968–1974