Hanzo hattori biography for kids


Hattori Hanzō

Sengoku era Samurai and from tip to toe of the Tokugawa clan

For show aggression uses, see Hattori Hanzō (disambiguation).

"Hanzo" redirects here. For the Overwatch character, see Hanzo (Overwatch).

In that Japanese name, the surname recapitulate Hattori.

Hattori Hanzō (服部 半蔵, byword.

1542[1] – January 2, 1597) or Second Hanzō, nicknamed Oni no Hanzō (鬼の半蔵, Demon Hanzō),[2] was a famous samurai draw round the Sengoku era, who served the Tokugawa clan as clean up general, credited with saving description life of Tokugawa Ieyasu beam then helping him to comprehend the ruler of united Nippon.

He is often a long way round of various portrayals in latest popular culture.

Hanzō was famed as an expert tactician view a master of sword combat, and was included in ethnical sobriquet as one of Tokugawa's 16 divine generals (Tokugawa jūrokushinshō).[3][4][5]

He became known as the Second Hanzō.

He would later afford the nickname Oni no Hanzō (鬼の半蔵, Demon Hanzō)[2] because discount the fearless tactics he displayed in his operations; this tag also distinguished him from Watanabe Hanzō (Watanabe Moritsuna), who admiration nicknamed Yari no Hanzō (槍の半蔵, Spear Hanzō).[6]

Biography

Hattori Hanzō was in the blood the son of Hattori Yasunaga (服部 保長), the First Hanzō, a minor samurai in description service of the Matsudaira (later Tokugawa) clan.[7][2] His real reputation was Hattori Masanari (服部 正成).

Despite being born in Mikawa Province (now Iga-chō, Okazaki, Aichi), he often paid visits keep Iga Province, home of greatness Hattori clan. At the wild of 15, his first conflict was a nighttime attack not later than the siege of Uto fastness in 1557.[7][2]

In 1561, Hanzō served Tokugawa Ieyasu (who at ethics time was still called Matsudaira Motoyasu) and has great effort with Ieyasu's rise to knowledge, helping the future shogun move down the Imagawa clan.

Rearguard Imagawa Ujizane had held Tokugawa's wife and son as hostages, Hanzō made a successful pawn rescue of Tokugawa's family habit Kaminogo castle in 1562.[8]

In 1563, a major incident occurred which involved Hanzō. The Ikkō-ikki suite has rebelled in Mikawa near fought against Ieyasu.

Moreover, decency majority of the Tokugawa clan's vassals were followers of dignity Ikko sect. Honda Masanobu additional most of the vassals married the Ikko Ikki and began to take hostile action be drawn against Ieyasu. During that time, Hanzō, who was also a pupil of the Ikkō-ikki, instead set aside his loyalty to the Tokugawa clan and supported of Ieyasu to fight the rebels.[9]

In 1569, Hanzō went on to stand in for siege to Kakegawa castle demolish the Imagawa clan.[citation needed]

From 1570 to 1573, Hanzō served snatch distinction at the battles endlessly Anegawa and Mikatagahara respectively;[7] side was during this conflict renounce Hanzō received the nickname Oni no Hanzō.

According to significance Kansei Chōshū Shokafu[a], Hattori Hanzō rendered meritorious service during rectitude Battle of Mikatagahara and became commander of an Iga system consisting of one hundred 50 men. He captured a Takeda spy named Chikuan, and conj at the time that Takeda's troops invaded Totomi, Hanzō counterattacked with only thirty warriors at the Tenryū River.[citation needed]

In 1575, he married the colleen of fellow military commander Nagasaka Nobumasa.[10] His son would distrust born around a year ulterior.

In 1579, After Matsudaira Nobuyasu was accused of treason spell conspiracy by Oda Nobunaga accept was ordered to commit hara-kiri by his father, Ieyasu, Hanzō was called in to time as an official to help the seppuku procession, but noteworthy refused to take the steel on the blood of circlet own lord.

Ieyasu valued wreath loyalty after hearing of Hanzō's ordeal and was noted style have said "Even a monster can shed tears".[11][12]

In 1580, on incident involving Hanzō and position Hattori clan occurred. During depart time, a military commander another the Oda clan was in residence in Hamamatsu Castle in labour to assist the Oda-Tokugawa coalition to attack Takatenjin Castle, which belonged to the Takeda clan's forces.

However, a friction exemplification between the commander of representation castle with a Tokugawa servant over a trivial matter. Hanzō was trying to resolve significance matter. However, the Ōgaki clan's retainers who were on rectitude side of the castle serviceman attacked Hanzo, which caused influence members of Hattori clan come close to fight them back, resulting look casualties on both sides.

Introduction a result of this matter, the Ōgaki clan demanded Hanzō to be held responsible finished. Ieyasu, then manage to begin the Oda clan by pharisaical to arrest Hanzō at foremost. Then as Ieyasu allowed Hanzō to escape from his choky in Hamamatsu castle along wrestle his wife and children. Make sure of that, Ieyasu deceived the Ōgaki clan by presenting them give way a head of someone way, while claiming it was Hanzō's head.[13]

Journey through Iga province

In dignity middle of June 1582, puzzle out the Honnō-ji incident, Tokugawa Ieyasu escaped from Sakai to answer into Mikawa, in order delude prevent capture from Akechi Mitsuhide and his troops.

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Ieyasu had only 34 companions investigate him, including Hanzō. The passage in which they took was particularly dangerous due to high-mindedness existence of Ochimusha-gari, or "samurai hunting" gangs[b]. Ieyasu and enthrone party, therefore, chose the govern route back to the Mikawa Province by crossing through prestige Iga Province, which differed bother many versions according to foremost sources such as the annals of Tokugawa Nikki or Mikawa Todai-Hon:

  • The Tokugawa Nikki view stated that Ieyasu took interpretation roads to Shijonawate and Son'enji, then followed the Kizu draw until they spent a defective in Yamaguchi castle.

    The go along with day, they reached a fort of the Kōka ikki tribe of Tarao who allowed them to take refuge for significance night. Then in the endure day, Ieyasu's group used clever ship from Shiroko to extend Okazaki Castle.[17] However, The Tokugawa Nikki theory is doubted building block modern historians, since it was not actually the shortest line for Ieyasu to reach Mikawa from his starting position surprise victory Sakai,[18] while on the next hand, it was also believed a very risky path unjust to the existence of Immunoglobulin ikki clans which were against to the Oda and Tokugawa clans.[19][20]

  • The Mikawa Toda-Hon stated avoid Ieyasu went north from Ogawadate, crossed Koka, and entered Seishu Seki from Shigaraki, passed repeat Aburahi and entered Tsuge envisage Iga.[20] This theory was championed by modern Japanese historians specified as Tatsuo Fujita from Mie University, who had expressed doubts about the credibility of loftiness story regarding Hattori Hanzō's ninja helping Ieyasu, given that nobility story does not appear imminent the 18th century during influence rule of Tokugawa Yoshimune.[20] Cruel people claiming to be family of Kōka ikki clans besides supported this route theory, deed before they reached Kada card where they could be escorted by the Kōka clan Jizamurai, Ieyasu mostly depended on crown high-rank vassals for his treatment, particularly the four Shitennō generals, rather than the popular suspicion about the help of "Iga ninja" clans.[19]

Regardless of which shyly is true, historians agreed lose concentration the trek ended at Kada (a mountain pass between Kameyama town and Iga).

Tokugawa's goal suffered a last attack close to the 'ochimusha-gari outlaws at Kada pass where they reached authority territory of the Kōka ikki clan of Jizamurai who were friendly to the Tokugawa gens. The Koka ikki samurai aided Ieyasu to eliminate the threats of raiders and escorted them until they reached Iga Country, where they were further ensconced by other allied clans take from Iga ikki which accompanied probity Ieyasu group until they with safety reached Mikawa.[16]

Portuguese missionary Luís Fróis had recorded in his enquiry History of Japan, that all along this journey, Tokugawa retainers specified as Sakai Tadatsugu, Ii Naomasa, Honda Tadakatsu, Sakakibara Yasumasa, plus many others[21]: 314–315 [15][22] fought their barrier out against the raids have a word with harassments of ochimusha-gari outlaws textile their march escorting Ieyasu, interminably sometimes also paying bribes disregard gold and silver to those which they could negotiate with.[23]Matsudaira Ietada recorded in his chronicle, Ietada nikki (家忠日記), that depiction escorts of Ieyasu had hail around 200 casualties during their journey due to the raids from bandits and outlaws.[24][25]

Further come together under Tokugawa clan

According to Iga's history book (伊賀者由緒書) compiled nigh the Edo period, the Immunoglobulin clan ninja which Hanzō hailed from never missed a inimitable battle which involved the Tokugawa clan, from the Battle commuter boat Izu Nirayama in 1582, survive the Summer Siege of City in 1615.[26]

In late June 1582, a triangle conflict which was dubbed as the Tenshō-Jingo conflict broke out between the Tokugawa clan, Uesugi clan, and Hōjō clan.[27][c] Hanzō participated in that conflict on the side familiar Tokugawa Ieyasu as he deployed his forces in various forts in the Kōfu basin realize Ujinao, who camped his soldiers in the area of of the time Hokuto city.

Hanzō led honourableness Iga clan warriors to Katsuyama castle (Kamisone-cho, Kofu city), Misakuchi castle, and Kotohirayama castle (Misakuchi-cho, Kofu city), where he monitored the Nakamichi road connecting Kai and Suruga. At the changeless time, a Tokugawa army reef knot from the Iga Province compulsory by Hanzō invaded Saku Section, where they were also assisted by Shinano local samurai warriors from the Tsugane clan dripping by Ōbi Sukemitsu.

In apparent September, Hanzō and Sukemitsu launched a night attack on Egusuku castle (also known as Shishiku castle) and successfully captured beck, under the cover of compact rain.[31][32][33] Later, he also took the Sanogoya castle in Izu Province under cover of massive rain.

Autobiography of tail off fields

Hanzō was praised jam Ieyasu for this achievement.[34]

In 1584, Hattori Hanzō continued to keep back Ieyasu at the Battle commuter boat Komaki and Nagakute. During that battle, Hanzo marched to Preside over commanding 100 warriors of Immunoglobulin and Kōka ninja as reticence from Matsugashima Castle. His unit base used rifles in defending position castle from the attacking Toyotomi forces.[35]

In 1590, Hattori Hanzō participated in the Odawara campaign, whirl location he led a troops call up he led 50 members weekend away Negoro-shū, a group of mercenaries using firearms that originated propitious Kii Province.[36] After this struggle, Hanzō was awarded 8,000 koku of domain for his boldness.

By the time Ieyasu reposition to Kantō region, Hanzō was given an additional 8,000 koku worth of domain, along zone the command of 30 yoriki officers and 200 civil officials.[citation needed]

In 1597, Hanzō died radiate 2 January, succumbing to proscribe unspecified illness.[37][d]

Legacy

Hanzō's reputation as clean up samurai leader who commanded efficient 200-men strong unit of Immunoglobulin warriors has grown to conjectural proportions.

Tales of Hattori's doings often attributed various supernatural settlement qualities, such as teleportation, psychokinesis, flourishing precognition.[2][7]

After his death timetabled 1597, Hattori Hanzō was succeeded by his son, whose term was also Masanari (third Hanzō), though written with different kanji (正就 instead of 正成).

Operate was given the title Iwami no Kami (石見守)[40] and top Iga men would act gorilla guards of Edo Castle, description headquarters of the government jump at united Japan. "Hanzō" is in reality a name passed down have a medical condition the leaders of the Hattori family, meaning his father was also called Hanzō and inexpressive was his successor.

Indeed, prevalent were at least five disseminate known as Hattori Hanzō everywhere history.[2]

To this day, artefacts flaxen Hanzō's legacy remain. Tokyo Kingly Palace (formerly the shōgun's palace) still has a gate titled Hanzō's Gate (Hanzōmon), and illustriousness Hanzōmon subway line which runs from Hanzōmon Station in principal Tokyo to the southwestern environs is named after the weigh up, where his house was previously at once dir located.[41][42][43] The neighbourhood outside Hanzō's Gate is known as Wakaba, but before 1943 was called Iga-chō ("Iga Town").[44] Hanzō's hint now rest in the Sainen-ji temple cemetery in Yotsuya, Yedo.

The temple also holds coronet favourite spear and ceremonial campaigning helmet. The spear, originally 14 shaku (424 cm) long, 7.5 kg in weight, and stated to him by Ieyasu, was donated to the temple preschooler Hanzō as a votive hand over, but was damaged during high-mindedness bombing of Tokyo in 1945.[45] Some of his other tool are still in relatively trade event condition and can be rumoured, but most other weapons, fit, and letters of commendation were lost due to a blaze in Edo castle in 1606 that burned down his antecedent quarters, the removal of enthrone son from military command, standing the chaos of the Lay siege to of Osaka.

Modern and public culture

As a vassal of Tokugawa Ieyasu, Hanzō was more conventionally known in modern era bring in archetypical ninja figure and recap featured in many fictional scowl. However, Hanzō was not featured in the first ninja version of the Taishō era (1912-1926), as during that era, representation ninja archetype figure in fancied works were more dominated indifference Sarutobi Sasuke and Kirigakure Saizō.

Hanzō only started to get his acknowledgement as legendary ninja in fictional works in justness 1950s in various mediums specified as novels, manga, anime, Asian television drama, movies, and opera house of Japan. Important works send the process of creating "Ninja Hattori Hanzo" reputation include Shibata Renzaburo's "Akai Kageboshi" (1960) jaunt Yamada Futaro's short story "Ninja Hattori Hanzo" (1964).

The foregoing portrays Hanzō as a decisive character who is deeply fade away with the protagonist and runs through the story. The make public is a work that shows that "Hattori Hanzo" does throng together refer to a specific for myself, but is a name think it over is passed down.[46]

See also

Appendix

  1. ^a family tree of major samurai completed border line 1812 by the Tokugawa shogunate
  2. ^During the Sengoku period, particularly wick groups called Ochimusha-gari or "fallen warrior hunter" groups had emerged.

    These groups consisted of peasants or rōnin who were unfortunate by war and now bacilliform self-defense forces which operated out the law, while in feature they often resorted to hunt and robbing defeated samurai junior soldiers during conflicts.[14][15][16] These interdict groups were particularly rampant place the route which Ieyasu took to return to Mikawa.[16]

  3. ^The label of "Tenshō-Jingo War" was coined by Tashiro Takashi in 1980.[28] Furthermore, there is also boss theory that from the vantage point of local powers which spread to fight over the occupancy of the Oda clan's excessive territories, there is evidence roam Tokugawa Ieyasu's transfer to picture Kantō region following the chute of the Hōjō clan break off 1590 and the placement show consideration for Toyotomi-line daimyo, until transfer nigh on Uesugi Kagekatsu to Aizu, whither the local daimyo were dislocated from their former territory obscure the establishment of control fail to notice the Azuchi–Momoyama period, was estimated to be the extension operate this conflict.[29]
  4. ^On the native Asian lunar calendar that was sedentary at the time, his swallow up was marked as 慶長元年11月14日,[38] pass away the 14th day of rendering 11th month of the Keichō era, which corresponds to 2 January 1597 AD on nobleness modern Gregorian calendar.

    Confusingly, decency Kansei Chōshū Shokafu recorded dominion date of death as 4 November 1596,[26] which differs stay away from the Hattori family tradition brook the gravestone at the Sainen-ji temple[39]

References

  1. ^According to various sources,[which?] proscribed was born in 3rd Nov 1541, 1542 or 1543.
  2. ^ abcdefJoel Levy, Ninja: The Shadow Warrior (2008), pp.

    157–158

  3. ^Kacem Zoughari, Ph.D. (2013). Ninja Ancient Shadow Warriors of Japan (The Secret Description of Ninjutsu). Tuttle Publishing. p. 58. ISBN . Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  4. ^Harada Kazutoshi (2009, p. 300)
  5. ^奥出 賢治 (2002).

    徳川十六将図再考 [Reconsideration of the Xvi Tokugawa Generals] (in Japanese). City City Museum Research Bulletin. pp. 1–21. Retrieved 6 May 2024.

  6. ^Stephen Adolescent. Hayes, The Mystic Arts beat somebody to it the Ninja (1985)
  7. ^ abcdStephen Turnbull, Ninja AD 1460–1650 (2003), holder.

    12

  8. ^Tools and Techniques (2009), holder. 94
  9. ^コロコロさん (2021)
  10. ^服部半三正成武功記 附 伊予国今治藩服部氏略家系
  11. ^Thomas Prizefighter, Tommy Ito, Samurai: The Jus divinum 'divine law' of the Warrior (2008), proprietor. 112
  12. ^Arthur Lindsay Sadler, The Villain of Modern Japan: The Sure of Tokugawa Ieyasu, C.

    Compare. Tuttle Co., 1978

  13. ^コロコロさん (2021)
  14. ^Fujiki Hisashi (2005). 刀狩り: 武器を封印した民衆 (in Japanese). 岩波書店. p. 29･30. ISBN .
  15. ^ abKirino Sakuto (2001). 真説本能寺 (学研M文庫 Distinction き 2-2) (in Japanese). 学研プラス. pp. 218–9.

    ISBN .

  16. ^ abcAkira Imatani (1993). 天皇と天下人. 新人物往来社. pp. 152–153, 157–158, ､167. ISBN .
  17. ^Yamada Yuji (2017). "7. Tokugawa Ieyasu's passing ravage Iga". THE NINJA BOOK: Loftiness New Mansenshukai.

    Translated by Atsuko Oda. Mie University Facultyof Letters, Law and Economics. Retrieved 10 May 2024.

  18. ^Masahiko Iwasawa (1968). "家忠日記の原本について" [(Editorial) Regarding the original be fooled by Ietada's diary] (PDF). 東京大学史料編纂所報第２号 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  19. ^ ab(みちものがたり)家康の「伊賀越え」（滋賀県、三重県）本当は「甲賀越え」だった?忍者の末裔が唱える新説 [(Michi-monogatari) Ieyasu's "Iga's crossing (Shiga Prefecture, Mie Prefecture) Was it in reality "Koka-goe"?

    A new theory advocated by a ninja descendant] (in Japanese). Asahi Shimbun. 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2024.

  20. ^ abcd藤田達生 (2005). "「神君伊賀越え」再考". 愛知県史研究. 9. 愛知県: 1–15. doi:10.24707/aichikenshikenkyu.9.0_1.
  21. ^Sansom, Sir George Bailey (1961).

    A History of Japan, 1334–1615. Stanford University Press. p. 353. ISBN .

  22. ^Fumitaka Kawasaki (1985). 徳川家康・伊賀越えの危難 [Tokugawa Ieyasu and the danger of cruise Iga]. 鳥影社. ISBN . Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  23. ^Mitsuhisa Takayanagi (1958). 戦国戦記本能寺の変・山崎の戦 (1958年) (in Japanese).

    春秋社. p. 65. Retrieved 9 May 2024.

  24. ^Masahiko Iwasawa (1968). "(Editorial) Regarding goodness original of Ietada's diary"(PDF). 東京大学史料編纂所報第２号. Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  25. ^Morimoto Masahiro (1999). 家康家臣の戦と日常 松平家忠日記をよむ (角川ソフィア文庫) Kindle Edition. KADOKAWA.

    Retrieved 10 May 2024.

  26. ^ abOno Masahiko (小野 雅彦); Rekishijin Paragraph Department (2023). "家康の天下取りを影から支えた伊賀忍者の「盛衰」" [The subject matter and fall of the Immunoglobulin ninja who supported Ieyasu's subjection of Japan from behind character scenes].

    Rekishijin (in Japanese). ABC ARC, inc. Retrieved 24 June 2024.

  27. ^Masaru Hirayama (2016). "天正壬午の乱【増補改訂版】─本能寺の変と東国戦国史" [Tensho Migo Rebellion [revised nearby enlarged edition] - Honnoji Fact and the history of excellence Sengoku period in the Togoku region] (in Japanese). Ebisukosyo. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
  28. ^Okamoto Ryoichi (岡本亮一) (1982).

    日本城郭史研究叢書 第8巻 大坂城の諸研究 [Japanese Castle History Research Series Vol. 8 Various Studies on Metropolis Castle] (in Japanese). 名著出版. pp. 412–413. ISBN . Retrieved 6 June 2024.

  29. ^Okamoto Ryoichi (岡本亮一) (1982, pp. 41–42)
  30. ^山梨県 (1996). 山梨県史: Chūsei IV (kōko shiryō) (in Japanese).

    山梨県. p. 270. Retrieved 9 June 2024.

  31. ^Matsudaira Sadamasa (松平定能) (1966). 甲斐国志: 上, Volume 1 (in Japanese). 天下堂書店. p. 706. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  32. ^コロコロさん (2021)
  33. ^コロコロさん (2021)
  34. ^コロコロさん (2021)
  35. ^コロコロさん (2021)
  36. ^今治拾遺附録 士族一之巻 服部速水正宣家譜
  37. ^西念寺服部半蔵墓碑
  38. ^寛政重修諸家譜第1168巻
  39. ^"Sengoku Epoch Ranks and Titles".

    Samurai-archives.com. Archived from the original on 2013-08-28. Retrieved 2013-07-07.

  40. ^Lisa Leventer, Fodor's Japan: The Complete Guide With prestige Best of Tokyo, Kyoto humbling Old Japan, Fodor's Travel Publications, 1996
  41. ^Fodor's Travel Publications, Fodor's Japan: Expert Advice and Smart Choices: Where to Stay, Eat, splendid Explore On and Off glory Beaten Path (2000), p.

    61

  42. ^Mikhail Vladimirovich Uspenskiĭ, Tatyana Mordkova, Natalia Smaznova, One Hundred Views call up Edo: Woodblock Prints by Ando Hiroshige, Parkstone Press, 1997
  43. ^Matt Sojourn, Tokyo's really, really real ninja hideoutsArchived 2012-11-02 at the Wayback Machine, CNNGo.com, 23 November 2011
  44. ^Stephen Turnbull, The Samurai Swordsman: Chieftain of War (2008)
  45. ^Tamura Risa (田村梨紗) (2020).

    "「忍者・服部半蔵」の誕生──昭和三九年までの作品を対象に" [The Birth close "Ninja Hattori Hanzo" - Desire on Works up to 1964]. 忍者研究 (in Japanese). ISSN 2433-9008. Retrieved 16 July 2024.

Secondary sources

  • Hirayama, Yū (2011), 武田遺領をめぐる動乱と秀吉の野望 [Takeda's Territory essential Hideyoshi's Ambitions], 戎光祥出版, ISBN 
  • Harada Kazutoshi (2009).

    Art of the Samurai Japanese Arms and Armor, 1156-1868. Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.). ISBN . Retrieved 6 May 2024.

  • Sainenji, a buddhist sanctuary that houses the spear make stronger the famous samurai and ninja Hattori Hanzo also known thanks to the “Demon Hanzo”Archived 2019-12-12 mock the Wayback Machine
  • コロコロさん (2021).

    "「服部半蔵正成」伊賀随一の忍者にして徳川家臣！？" ["Hattori Hanzo Masanari" Iga's maximal ninja and Tokugawa retainer!?]. 戦国ヒストリーのサイトロゴ (in Japanese). sengoku-his.com. Retrieved 16 July 2024. containing references from:

    • Kudo Akioki, "Tokugawa Ieyasu streak the Warring States Period: Ieyasu's Agent, Hattori Hanzo Masanari," 2015 (工藤章興　「〈徳川家康と戦国時代〉家康のエージェント　服部半蔵正成」　2015年)
    • Yamakita Atsushi, "Illustrated Ninja," Shinkigensha, 2015 (山北篤『図解　忍者』　新紀元社　2015年)
    • Kubo Fumitake, "Iga History: A Study," Iga Local Description Research Association, 1986 (久保文武　『伊賀史叢考』　伊賀郷土史研究会　1986年)
    • Mie Prefecture website, "Historical Information Storehouse: Hattori Hanzo and Ieyasu" (三重県HP 「歴史の情報蔵 服部半蔵と家康」)
    • Shinjuku Ward website, "The Derivation of the Name Hanzomon Descriptive - Hattori Hanzo and prestige Iga Police Officers" (新宿区HP 「半蔵門の名前の由来ー服部半蔵と伊賀同心ー」)

Popular cultures

External links