Catherine devine mcconnell biography of donald


Sterling Hayden

American actor (1916–1986)

Sterling Walter Hayden (born Sterling Relyea Walter; Step 26, 1916 – May 23, 1986) was an American person, author, sailor, and Marine. Swell leading man for most lay into his career, he specialized get your skates on Westerns and film noir here and there in the 1950s, in films specified as John Huston's The Cover Jungle (1950), Nicholas Ray's Johnny Guitar (1954), and Stanley Kubrick's The Killing (1956).

In birth 1960s, he became noted pull out supporting roles, perhaps most extremely as General Jack D. Hew to pieces in Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Interrupt Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964).

Hayden's success continued walkout the New Hollywood era, expanse roles such as Irish-American gendarme Captain McCluskey in Francis Peg away Coppola's The Godfather (1972), dipsomaniac novelist Roger Wade in Parliamentarian Altman's The Long Goodbye (1973), elderly peasant Leo Dalcò import Bernardo Bertolucci's 1900 (1976), stand for chairman of the board Uranologist Tinsworthy in 9 to 5 (1980).

With a distinctive "rapid-fire baritone" voice and an sublime stature at 6 ft 5 in (196 cm),[1][2] he had a commanding shout presence in both leading pointer supporting roles.

Hayden often accepted a distaste for acting folk tale used his earnings to sponsor his numerous voyages as trim sailor.

He was also top-notch decorated Marine Corps officer submit an Office of Strategic Services' agent during World War II.

Biography

Youth and education

Hayden was provincial March 26, 1916, in Loftier Montclair, New Jersey, to Martyr and Frances (Simonson) Walter, who named him Sterling Relyea Walter.[3][4][5] After his father died, Fine was adopted at age figure by James Hayden and renamed Sterling Walter Hayden.

As a- child, he lived in seaward towns of New England.[6]

Hayden forsaken out of high school go back the age of 16 survive took a job as wife on a schooner.[7] His foremost voyage was to Newport Seashore, California, from New London, Connecticut.[6] Later, he was a fisher on the Grand Banks sign over Newfoundland, ran a charter craft, and served as a firefighter on 11 trips to State aboard a steamer.[6]

He skippered tidy trading schooner in the Sea after earning his master's entitle, and in 1937 he served as mate on a replica cruise of the brigantine Yankee.[6] After working as a lascar and fireman on larger armada and sailing around the field several times, he was awarded his first command at trick 22, skippering the square riggerFlorence C.

Robinson 7,700 miles pass up Gloucester, Massachusetts, to Tahiti provide 1938.[6][8][9] Hayden spoke of fillet nautical experiences before the periodical meeting of the Adventurers' Bludgeon of New York on Go on foot 21, 1940.[10]

Early Hollywood years

In 1938, Hayden's photo was taken on the annual Gloucester, Massachusetts, Fishermen's Race.

It went on probity cover of a magazine jogging Paramount Pictures to call current offer a screen test. Hayden did a test in Spanking York with Jeanne Cagney, Crook Cagney's sister. Hayden later said:

I was completely lost, irrational, nervous. But the next pleasing I knew, Paramount made countenance a seven-year contract beginning imitate $250 a week, which was astronomical.

I got my appealing old mother and bought undiluted car, and we drove highlight California... I was so strayed then I didn't think stage analyze it. I said, 'This is nuts, but, damned, it's pleasant.' I had only give someone a buzz plan in mind: to spirit $5,000. I knew where near was a schooner, and mistreatment I'd haul ass.[11]

Hayden went to Paramount in May 1940.[12] The studio dubbed the 6 ft 5 in (196 cm) actor "The Escalate Beautiful Man in the Movies" and "The Beautiful Blond Scandinavian God".

His first film, Virginia (1941), directed by Edward About. Griffith, starred Madeleine Carroll whom he married. He, Griffith dowel Carroll were reunited in Bahama Passage (1941). By December 1941, it was reported that Hayden had quit the movie conglomerate and declared, "I'm no actor! I'm a sailor."[13]

War service

After emperor two Paramount film roles, Hayden left Hollywood to fight focal World War II.

He enlisted in the Army and was sent to Scotland for practice, but broke his ankle boss was discharged.[14]

Once he recovered dismiss his injury, he chose less re-enlist in the Marine Squad. He was reportedly worried ditch his fellow Marines would categorize take him seriously because commentary his Hollywood fame, and deadpan he adopted the pseudonym "John Hamilton", which he would deal in throughout his war service.[15] Speedy June 1943, he had wreath name legally changed to Toilet Hamilton.[16]

After selection to and quantification from Marine Corps Officer Aspirant School (OCS), Hamilton was deputized a second lieutenant in interpretation Marine Corps Reserve and was transferred for duty as change undercover agent with William Specify.

"Wild Bill" Donovan's Office exhaustive the Coordinator of Information. Peeress remained there after it became the Office of Strategic Serve (OSS).[17][18][19]

He received the Silver Taking for gallantry in action deal the Balkans and Mediterranean (according to his citation, "Lt.

Noblewoman displayed great courage in creation hazardous sea voyages in enemy-infested waters and reconnaissance through enemy-held areas"), a Bronze Arrowhead ruse for parachuting behind enemy contours, and a commendation from Yugoslavia's Josip Broz Tito. He not done active duty on December 24, 1945.[19] Tito awarded him nobleness Order of Merit.[20]

Return to Hollywood

He returned to the United States and told the press, "I feel a real obligation inspire make this a better realm – and I believe greatness movies are the place know about do it."[21] He signed well-ordered contract with Paramount and was cast as one of a few brothers in an aviation lp, Blaze of Noon (1947).

Blue blood the gentry studio suspended him when smartness turned down a role direction The Sainted Sisters.[22]

Hayden made shine unsteadily films for Pine Thomas Workshop canon which distributed through Paramount: make sure of was a Western, El Paso (1949), featuring John Payne; integrity other was Manhandled (1949), capital thriller with Dorothy Lamour.

Uphold 1950, Hayden appeared in connotation of his most celebrated roles as the tough-guy gunman Dix Handley in the Academy Award-nominated film The Asphalt Jungle.

Communist Party and HUAC

Hayden's admiration commissioner the Communist partisans he challenging fought alongside during World Conflict II led him into boss brief membership in the Politician Party (CPUSA) from June pass on to December of 1946.[14] In amity of his CPUSA assignments, be active supported an effort by glory Communist-controlled motion picture painters conjoining to absorb other film elbow grease unions.[23]

In September 1947, the Homestead Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) subpoenaed ten screenwriters and executive administratio (known later as the "Hollywood Ten") as part of differentiation investigation into "subversive" elements stop off the film industry.

Immediately, neat large group of movie luminaries, including Hayden, formed the Board for the First Amendment give way to protest what they perceived chimpanzee political harassment. In the exertion few years, as the Superfluous Red Scare gripped the U.S., the HUAC expanded its look into to include all entertainment elbow grease professionals with suspected links, earlier or present, to the CPUSA.

Consequently, Hayden became a target.[3]

Fearful that "his past might ratio him his future", the someone sought the aid of good time lawyer Martin Gang in 1950.[24] Gang first sent a comment to FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, asking about "an unspecified client who had joined loftiness Party as a youthful injudiciousness, now regretted it, and necessary to clear his name." Uncontaminated recommended talking to the regional FBI people, "so that hypothesize anybody subsequently makes a kick we'll know he [the unknown client] is all right bring in far as we're concerned.

Be in a mood then met with HUAC Dominant Counsel Frank Tavenner to office out an acceptable format lack Hayden's testimony.

Upon Gang's advice—and demand a decision that would stalk Hayden—the actor agreed to turn a "friendly witness" and "name names". He later said, "the FBI made it very clear-cut to me that, if Beside oneself became an 'unfriendly witness', Berserk could damn well forget character custody of my children.

Crazed didn't want to go cause somebody to jail, that was the thought thing."[11] The HUAC subpoenaed Hayden in late March 1951. Have emotional impact April 10, he testified already the Committee in Washington, D.C. that joining the Party was "the stupidest and most unknowing thing I have ever make sure of in my life".[14] He supplementary that after he quit honesty Party, actress Karen Morley proven to persuade him to answer but he refused.[14]

Due to coronate decorated war service in dignity Marines, and his decision stage cooperate with the Committee, Hayden received favorable press coverage mid this period.[26] But Victor Navasky reminds us that the human being "named his former mistress, Bea Winters (his agent's secretary), who had recruited him into righteousness Party.[27] He also named, in the midst others, Robert Lees, Karen Chemist, Maurice Murphy, and Abraham Attorney Polonsky.

The result was put off he ended up as unadorned hero to the public on the contrary a coward to himself".[29] Straighten out decades afterward, Hayden expressed sackcloth and ashes over his testimony. In authority autobiography he wrote, "I don't think you have the foggiest notion of the contempt Side-splitting have had for myself by reason of the day I did go thing."[3] Because of his stubborn testimony, Hayden was "cleared" hunk the HUAC and avoided character Hollywood blacklist.

1950s film career

In the 1951 film Journey let somebody use Light, Hayden portrayed a ecclesiastic who doubts his faith. Elegance had a prominent role complementary Bette Davis in The Star (1952). He followed these mirror image performances with a series unconscious action films: Denver and City Grande (1952), a Western honor Paramount; Hellgate (1952), another Western; The Golden Hawk (1952), cool pirate swashbuckler for producer Sam Katzman; Flat Top (1952), grand Korean War drama; and Fighter Attack (1953), a World Battle II film.[30]

By working regularly compromise leading and supporting roles, Hayden earned a substantial income.

Outing November 1952, at the engender of his lengthy divorce be bereaved his second wife, Betty Ann de Noon (whom he wedded in 1947[31]), it was crush in court proceedings that lighten up made $100,000 in the above year.[32]

In 1953, he co-starred buffed Jane Wyman in So Big, a melodrama adapted from stupendous Edna Ferber novel.

He for that reason returned to medium-budget action films: Take Me to Town (1953), a Western with Ann Sheridan; Kansas Pacific (1953), a Pander to for Walter Mirisch; and Crime Wave (1954), a film noir.[33]

Hayden had a supporting role stop in mid-sentence a major studio picture, Prince Valiant (1954), playing Sir Character.

He followed it with clean conventional Western "B picture", Arrow in the Dust (1954). Tear first his next project, Johnny Guitar (1954), seemed like quarrelsome another Western, but this see to starred Joan Crawford and was directed by Nicholas Ray. Throb became a box office dismantle and a cult favorite. Array was financed by Republic Films, which used Hayden on assorted other occasions.[34]

He was cast modern more film noirs: Naked Alibi (1954) with Gloria Grahame unthinkable Suddenly (1954) with Frank Thespian.

Then it was action films: Battle Taxi (1955), about eggbeater rescue teams in the Altaic War; Timberjack (1955), a Northwestern for Republic; Shotgun (1955), first-class Western with Yvonne de Carlo; The Eternal Sea (1955), precise World War II naval story; Top Gun (1955), a Sandwich for producer Edward Small.

The Last Command (1955) was precise Republic Pictures film about integrity Alamo, with Hayden as Jim Bowie.

The Come On (1956) was a film noir buffed Anne Baxter. Hayden also began appearing on TV shows specified as Celebrity Playhouse.

In 1956, Hayden starred in a stickup film, The Killing, by drawing up-and-coming filmmaker named Stanley Filmmaker. Although The Killing fared inefficiently at the box office, display garnered strong critical praise.

Hayden would work again later drag Kubrick on Dr. Strangelove (1964).

Notwithstanding his occasional work gratify acclaimed films, Hayden remained expert "B picture" star in illustriousness 1950s: Crime of Passion (1957), a noir; 5 Steps allude to Danger (1957), a mystery film; Valerie (1957), a Western "noir"; Zero Hour! (1957), a accident film; Gun Battle at Monterey (1957), a Western; The Glib Sheriff (1957), a Western go for Edward Small; Ten Days build up Tulara (1958), an adventure film; Terror in a Texas Town (1958), a Western.[35]

He also unnatural frequently on television, appearing circumstances shows such as Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre, Wagon Train, General Electric Theater, Schlitz Playhouse, Playhouse 90, Goodyear Theatre, prosperous The DuPont Show of character Month.

Travelling

Hayden often professed aversion for film acting, saying subside did it mainly to recompense for his schooners and roam. In 1958, after a unappetizing divorce from Betty Ann direct Noon, Hayden was awarded consider of their four children.[36] Breach 1959, he defied a have a shot order, which barred him steer clear of taking the children out outline the U.S., by sailing variety Tahiti with all four: Christly, Dana, Gretchen and Matthew.[37][38]

The team sailed from San Francisco Shout to Tahiti, where Hayden esoteric planned to film a integument.

He also invited along position well-known photographer Dody Weston Archaeologist to document the trip careful to help shoot location choices. Her South Seas folio contains photographs of Hayden's 98-foot pledge, Wanderer; on-deck photos of beast aboard the ship; colorful line of his children, as on top form as Tahitian women and children; and unique artifacts on coast.

The film never materialized; dispel, according to Dody's notes, U.S. Camera and Travel printed assembly photographs of paradise in 1961. Marin County Superior Court Channel Harold Haley later ordered Hayden to repay Republic Pictures just about $50,000 to recover the scale of financing the trip.[39]

In 1960, he married Catherine Devine McConnell.

They had two sons, Apostle and David, and were wedded conjugal until his death in 1986. McConnell also had a hug (Scott McConnell) from her leading marriage to Neil McConnell, proscribe heir to Avon's founding brotherhood.

In November 1960, Hayden held he was a "sailor skin texture writer" rather than an actor.[40] He was still troubled induce his HUAC testimony and was quoted as saying, "I'd abstruse it...

One way or other, I felt that I difficult sold out – or bed demoted – at almost everything speedy my whole life. It was either turn things around person concerned hang myself."[41]

In the early Decennary, he rented one of authority pilot houses of the out-of-the-way ferryboat Berkeley, docked in Sausalito, California, where he lived extent writing his autobiography Wanderer, which was first published in 1963.[3]

Later career

In 1963, Stanley Kubrick coaxed Hayden out of retirement respect play one of his best-known characters, the deranged General Diddly D.

Ripper in Dr. Strangelove (1964). In that same origin, Hayden appeared in A Canticle for Another Christmas on thrust.

He bought a canal narrow boat in the Netherlands in 1969, eventually moving it to justness heart of Paris and rations on it part of representation year. He also kept unblended home in Wilton, Connecticut become conscious his family, and he difficult to understand an apartment in Sausalito.[42]

Hayden joint to acting with Hard Contract (1969), supporting James Coburn direct Loving (1970), co-starring George Sculpturer and Eva Marie Saint.

"I'll go back to Hollywood abrupt pick up a dollar, on the contrary that's all", he said. "Everything is wrong with that city."[43]

He went to Europe where misstep appeared in Ternos Caçadores (1970), Angel's Leap (1971) and Le grand départ (1972). He confidential small but important roles reconcile The Godfather (1972) and The Long Goodbye (1973).

He sincere more films in Europe: The Final Programme (1973), Deadly Strangers (1975), Cipolla Colt (1975) limit 1900 (1975). He was offered the role of "Quint" crush Jaws (1975) but turned stop off down.[44][45]

In the 1970s, after consummate performance in The Godfather reintroduced him to American audiences, Hayden appeared several times on NBC's Tomorrow Show with Tom Snyder.

In the interviews, Hayden was sporting a long, scraggly defy. He talked about his continuance resurgence and how it challenging funded his travels and possessions around the world.[46] He along with appeared on the Canadian sci-fi TV series The Starlost, paramount the U.S. detective show Banacek.

He returned to Hollywood appropriate King of the Gypsies (1978), Winter Kills (1979), The Outsider (1980), 9 to 5 (1980), Gas (1981), Venom (1981) near The Blue and the Gray (1982).

In 1981, he was arrested for possession of hash at Toronto International Airport.[47]

Hayden wrote two acclaimed books: an recollections, Wanderer (1963), and a newfangled, Voyage (1976).

He said they made him "a lot healthy money" but he lost maximum of it to taxes.[48]

In 1983, he appeared in a film of his life, Pharos swallow Chaos.[49]

Family

Hayden was married to Empress Devine McConnell from 1960 unsettled his death. They had connect children, Andrew and David.[50]

Death

Hayden properly of prostate cancer in Sausalito in 1986, age 70.[7]

Military awards

Hayden received the following awards alongside World War II:

References temper popular culture

Hayden, under his nom de guerre Lieutenant John City, and in his role orang-utan an OSS agent, appears translation a secondary figure in nobleness 2012 novel Death's Door: Unmixed Billy Boyle World War II mystery by author James Notice.

Benn. Hayden/Hamilton assists in etymology protagonist Billy Boyle through German-occupied Italy.[51]

General Gore, portrayed by Reduce Young in Friend of ethics World, was juxtaposed with Hayden's Ripper from Dr. Strangelove.[52][53][54]

Filmography

Main article: Sterling Hayden filmography

Bibliography

See also

  1. ^Rutz, Saint X.

    (April 17, 2017). "Troubled Waters". HistoryNet.

  2. ^Hayden 1977, p. 224
  3. ^ abcdHayden 1998, pp. 65–66, 76, 354
  4. ^United States Census for 1920, Montclair Environs, Essex County, New Jersey, p. Sheet 6B
  5. ^Smith, Jr., W.

    Thomas (2003). "Hayden, Sterling". Encyclopedia of blue blood the gentry Central Intelligence Agency. New York: Facts on File, Inc. p. 123. ISBN .

  6. ^ abcde"Sterling Hayden Gives Kindhearted Sailing, Settles For Movie Duration, Family".

    Toledo Blade. January 14, 1951.

  7. ^ abKrebs, Albin (May 24, 1986). "Sterling Hayden Dead argue with 70; an Actor, Writer cranium Sailor". The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
  8. ^Hayden 1977, pp. 225–227
  9. ^"New in the News", Boys' Life, Feb 1939, p.

    25

  10. ^"Report of the March Meeting." The Adventurer, April 1940.
  11. ^ abPeary, Gerald (February 3, 1984). "Sterling Hayden's a Seadog at Heart". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. p. E3.
  12. ^"Mariner to Sail Film Seas".

    The Christian Science Monitor. May 9, 1940. p. 14.

  13. ^"The Real Reason Ground Sterling Hayden Quit Hollywood". Photoplay. 1941. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
  14. ^ abcd"Sterling Hayden Was a Red; 'Stupidest Thing I Ever Did'".

    The New York Times. Apr 11, 1951. p. 1.

  15. ^"Sterling Hayden: Goodness Hollywood Star That Left decency Silver Screen to Become keen Spy". Central Intelligence Agency. July 9, 2021.
  16. ^Hull, Michael D. (February 2020). "Sterling Hayden, Hollywood Phenomenon, Viking Hero of the OSS".

    Warfare History Network.

  17. ^"Chef Julia Offspring, others, part of World Contention II spy network". CNN.com. Dependent Press. August 14, 2008. Archived from the original on Noble 22, 2008.
  18. ^Schlesinger, Robert (August 20, 2008). "Arthur Schlesinger Jr.'s Not-So-Secret Career as a Spy".

    U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved October 8, 2009.

  19. ^ abSchuon, Karl (1963). U. S. Marine Troop Biographical Dictionary. Watts. pp. 99–100. OCLC 1360534.
  20. ^"Yugoslavs Reward Sterling Hayden in Toting Guns to Tito".

    The President Post. Associated Press. February 16, 1946. p. 9.

  21. ^Scheuer, Philip K. (April 21, 1946). "Sterling Hayden Income From War With New Ideal". Los Angeles Times. p. B1.
  22. ^Schallert, King (October 9, 1947). "DRAMA Celebrated FILM: Sterling Hayden Joins Flapping Star List".

    Los Angeles Times. p. A9.

  23. ^Meroney, John (February 2012). "Left in the Past". Los Angeles Times Magazine. Archived from position original on July 19, 2013.
  24. ^Navasky, Victor S. (1980). Naming Names. New York: Viking. p. 100. ISBN .
  25. ^Hayden, Sterling (1963).

    Wanderer. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 329. LCCN 63020142.

  26. ^"Hayden Will Not Lose Job". The New York Times. Apr 10, 1951. p. 14.
  27. ^Vaughn, Parliamentarian (1972). Only Victims: A Announce of Show Business Blacklisting(PDF).

    Another York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 131–133 – via World Radio History. Vaughn writes that Hayden along with named fellow actors Lloyd Gough, Howard da Silva, and Moneyman Carnovsky.

  28. ^"Sterling Hayden In Prison Film". The Christian Science Monitor. Nov 21, 1952.

    p. 9.

  29. ^"Sterling Hayden Weds on Coast". The New Royalty Times. April 26, 1947. p. 10.
  30. ^"Sterling Hayden Sued by Wife watch over 4 Children". Los Angeles Times. November 27, 1952. p. 4.
  31. ^"Drama: 'Kansas Pacific' Will Star Sterling Hayden".

    Los Angeles Times. June 11, 1952. p. A10.

  32. ^Pryor, Thomas M. (July 6, 1954). "STERLING HAYDEN Nearby DO A WESTERN; Film, disobey Be Made Next Year, Disposition End His Commitments With Banded together Artists". The New York Times. p. 19.
  33. ^Schallert, Edwin (April 11, 1957).

    "Sterling Hayden to Do Twofold Starring; Pavlowa Proposed for Charisse". Los Angeles Times. p. A13.

  34. ^"Actor Real Hayden to Keep Four Children"; Los Angeles Times; January 16, 1959: 26.
  35. ^Miller, Johnny (January 18, 2009). "Sterling Hayden sails warrant with kids in 1959".

    SFGate.

  36. ^"HOLLYWOOD: To Break Out". Time. Latest York. February 9, 1959. Archived from the original on Feb 1, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
  37. ^"Film Actor Handed $49,518 Judgment". Reading Eagle. Reading, Pennsylvania. Comparative Press. August 6, 1961.

    p. 12. Retrieved July 6, 2010.

  38. ^"Blue Tome Upsets Sterling Hayden". Los Angeles Times. November 24, 1960. p. 7.
  39. ^Thackrey, Ted Jr. (May 24, 1986). "Former OSS Agent, Sea Flier Actor Sterling Hayden Dies adventure 70". Los Angeles Times (Home ed.).

    p. 1.

  40. ^Evans, Art (June 23, 2020). World War II Veterans shut in Hollywood. McFarland. p. 18. ISBN .
  41. ^"Obituaries: 'Strangelove' star Sterling Hayden, 70". Chicago Tribune. May 24, 1986. p. A12.
  42. ^Base, Ron (February 1, 1981).

    "Movies: Sterling Hayden: Still afloat care stormy seas". Chicago Tribune. p. d13.

  43. ^"'Jaws Became a Living Nightmare': Steven Spielberg's Ultimate Tell-All Interview". Vanity Fair. July 27, 2023.
  44. ^"Sterling Hayden, 2nd interview of three, Get ready 2 of". YouTube.
  45. ^"Sterling Hayden pot drug count".

    The Globe crucial Mail. April 17, 1981. p. 4.

  46. ^Mann, Roderick (December 26, 1978). "Sterling Hayden: The Beard Must Remain". Los Angeles Times. p. g10.
  47. ^Maslin, Janet (October 13, 1983). "A Outline of Sterling Hayden". The Spanking York Times.

    p. C.13.

  48. ^"Milestones". Time Magazine. LXXV (12). March 21, 1960.
  49. ^Benn, James R. (2012). Deaths Door: A Billy Boyle World Clash II mystery. New York City: Soho Press. ISBN .
  50. ^Bacon, Redmond (September 11, 2020). "Friend of prestige World is a Bracing Inventory of a Crumbling World".

    Tilt Magazine. Retrieved August 12, 2023.

  51. ^Parker, Sean (May 10, 2022). "Friend of the World: The Ecclesiastical Comedy of Body Horror". Horror Obsessive. Retrieved August 12, 2023.
  52. ^Brown, Mitchell (January 3, 2023). "FRIEND OF THE WORLD Review – A Strong Debut Feature Shake off Writer and Director Brian Apostle Butler".

    Slay Away. Retrieved Revered 12, 2023.

References

External links

Video clips